Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis is usually caused by a bacteria or a virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), bacterial meningitis is the more dangerous type as it has a higher incidence of death. Viral meningitis is the more common form and is rarely fatal in those with a normal immune system. Early detection is important to determine whether the meningitis is viral or bacterial. Symptoms of viral meningitis vary according to severity and could be mistaken for other diseases, so screening is important.
Fever and Headache
Fever is one of the main symptoms of viral meningitis diagnosed in children and adults. A severe headache, often associated with light sensitivity or movement, is also a key symptom. Difficulty concentrating or confusion, weakness, severe lethargy or a stiff neck may accompany the fever.
Nausea
Nausea with or without vomiting is another symptom of viral meningitis. Severe headache and sensitivity to light may accompany the nausea. A poor appetite is common along with a complete lack of interest in drinking. The nausea may also accompany a skin rash, which should be a warning sign to see a doctor.
Symptoms in Infants
Infants can contract viral meningitis, however, it is sometimes harder to diagnose. Newborns and infants are unable to communicate when they have a headache and stiff neck, and their symptoms may be confused for any other illness. Constant crying, irritability, lack of appetite and stiffness are an indication but the main symptom for meningitis in infants would be a bulge in the soft spot on the baby's head. This bulge would be a sign of inflammation in the outer membrane of the brain.
Other Conditions
Viral meningitis can be accompanied by other conditions that may or may not have been the cause of the disease. Smallpox, measles, rubella, mumps, different flu viruses and the herpes virus are some of the other conditions that are associated with causing or accompanying viral meningitis. The symptoms may vary, but if you or your child is diagnosed with these conditions, you need to be especially vigilant. Be aware of the meningitis symptoms and know what to look for to prevent any further complications.
