Arthritis is a condition involving changes in the structure and function of the body's joints. There are many different forms of the disease, with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis being the most common. While a variety of medications exist for treating arthritis symptoms, many can cause unwanted or dangerous side effects. Fortunately, there are a number of natural supplements available for treating the pain and swelling caused by arthritis.
Cayenne Pepper
Famous for its use in Cajun and Mexican dishes, cayenne pepper is an excellent remedy for arthritis pain. Capsaicin---the active compound in cayenne---is responsible for both the plant's painkilling properties and its hot and spicy flavor.
Capsaicin acts as a counterirritant when applied to painful joints, distracting the brain from the original pain source. Capsaicin is a common ingredient in many over-the-counter arthritis creams and may be effective for both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. As an extra bonus, cayenne taken internally prompts the release of endorphins---the body's natural painkilling chemicals.
Cayenne can cause local irritation in the form of a burning or stinging sensation, itching and redness. People with gastrointestinal disorders like GERD or peptic ulcer should not take it internally, as it may lead to severe gastric irritation.
Glucosamine and Chondrointin
Glucosamine is a precursor for glycosylated protein, which makes up much of the body's joint cartilage. It is also present in the cell walls of fungi, the exoskeletons of arthropods and many other organisms. Chondrointin, which is commonly found in glucosamine supplements, is a component of cartilage that helps joints absorb pressure and compression. According to the National Institutes of Health, glucosamine and chondrointin are effective for alleviating the pain of osteoarthritis and improving range of motion.
Despite claims to the contrary, glucosamine has not been proven effective for restoring damaged cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis. Side effects are generally mild and include gastrointestinal upset and itching. The average dose for treating arthritis pain is 1.5 g of glucosamine and 1,200 mg chondrointin per day.
Ginger
A mainstay in spice cabinets, ginger root (Zingiber officianale) is an effective remedy for mild to moderate joint pain and swelling. It inhibits the enzymes that produce prostaglandins, which trigger inflammation throughout the body. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, ginger is comparable in strength to ibuprofen and is sometimes recommended by doctors as a complementary therapy for arthritis and other inflammatory conditions.
Both whole ginger and ginger powder may be used for treating arthritis-related swelling and pain. It can be brewed into tea or taken in pill form in doses of up to four grams daily. Ginger may thin the blood and should not be taken with other blood-thinning drugs like coumadin (Warfarin) or aspirin.
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