Valium is the brand name for diazepam, which is a benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines work by "depressing", or blocking, certain actions of the nervous system. Valium is prescribed for patients experiencing anxiety and panic attacks. It is also used to combat muscle spasms and seizures and to manage withdrawal symptoms from alcohol abuse. The Mayo Clinic notes that certain people should not take Valium including infants, pregnant women and women that are breastfeeding and patients with certain food and drug allergies. According to the National Library of Medicine, Valium is addictive and for patients taking the drug for long periods of time, tolerance may develop. Patients are warned to strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage. If a dose is missed, do not double the next dose; continue the prescribed regimen.
Common Side Effects of Valium
Because Valium acts on the nervous system, side effects are common. Valium can cause dizziness, drowsiness and tiredness. The Physicians' Desk Reference notes that driving should be prohibited until the patient knows how the drug affects him or her. Moreover, alcoholic beverages or other medications that may cause sleepiness should be avoided. Some patients may experience problems with muscle coordination and control. Some examples listed by the National Library of Medicine and the Mayo Clinic include shakiness, unsteady walk, weakness and trembling. Finally, it is common for patients to experience dry mouth and changes in appetite, which may result from problems with diarrhea and nausea.
Other Side Effects of Valium
Although Valium is prescribed to counteract anxiety, some patients may experience anxiety and agitation as side effects of the drug. The Mayo Clinic notes, however, that it is not known how common these side effects are. Other neurological side effects include depression, paranoia and nightmares as well as changes in speech patterns. Some patients have gastrointestinal problems such as stomach pain. Others may develop ulcers in the mouth. Symptoms of a cold, such as chills, cough and sore throat may result from taking Valium. Again, the incidence of these side effects is not well documented but they have been known to occur.
Serious Side Effects of Valium
If any of the above side effects persist or worsen, the patient should contact medical personnel. In addition, some side effects are extremely dangerous and the patient should not wait to contact a physician or seek emergency care. These serious side effects include blurred vision, seizures or tremor. Trouble swallowing, difficulty breathing and severe rash may indicate an allergic reaction to Valium. An overdose of Valium can cause similar effects as well as loss of consciousness and blue lips or fingernails according to the Mayo Clinic. If an overdose is suspected, seek medical help immediately.
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