Bromelain is a combination of protein-digesting enzymes that occur in the fruit and stem of pineapple. It shows promise for several uses, but the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) notes that more research is needed to confirm these benefits. As an herbal remedy, bromelain is available in tablets and capsules, and it also can be used topically.
Reducing Inflammation
People have used pineapple traditionally in Central and South America to reduce inflammation. Some studies support this use, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC), although research shows mixed results. Bromelain taken orally may decrease inflammation, swelling, bruising, healing time and pain due to surgery and from injuries including tendinitis, sprains and muscle strains.
Relieving Sinus Problems
The regulatory agency, German Commission E, has approved the use of bromelain for relieving swelling and inflammation of the nose and sinuses resulting from sinusitis, trauma and surgery. Evidence is mixed, according to the NIH, but does indicate bromelain may be beneficial as a treatment for sinusitis in addition to antibiotics, and for reducing swelling and improving breathing. Bromelain also may help decrease swelling and inflammation caused by allergic rhinitis (hay fever), according to the UMMC.
Treating Burns
Researchers have found positive results for treating severe burns with a topical medication derived from bromelain, as explained by the NIH. Bromelain helps remove damaged and dead tissue, a process known as debridement. The UMMC cautions that nobody should attempt to treat a severe burn without medical attention. Applying this herb topically also may relieve swelling from insect bites and stings.
Relieving Indigestion
Another Central and South American traditional use of pineapple involves treating indigestion. Because bromelain digests proteins, it may help relieve heartburn and upset stomach, especially when combined with other enzymes that digest fats and starch, as explained by the UMMC.
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