Healthy eyes are coated by fluid, a tear film, says the Mayo Clinic. The wetness promotes clear vision and eye comfort. When eyes are dry the symptoms can include redness, burning, discomfort when blinking and blurred vision. Dry eyes have many causes, including certain medications (like diuretics), poor lid function and environmental conditions. Chronic dry eyes require a medical exam to identify the underlying cause.
Cleansing
When tear production is impacted by eyelid problems, such as an incomplete blink, cleanse the eye areas to reduce germ and dirt buildup. The Mayo Clinic suggests a doctor may recommend daily washing with a diluted solution of baby shampoo and a soft cloth.
Artificial Tears
Many formulas of artificial tears are on the market. Depending on the cause of the dryness, consumers can select the appropriate solution, such as an eye drop solution for allergies. Add these drops as often as necessary to provide relief. AllAboutVision.com recommends using only artificial tear formulas to be sure the product can create the necessary lubrication for the eyes.
Ointment
Over-the-counter ointments can be applied before bed to help hydrate the eyes. Ointments last longer than drops but can blur the vision.
Medical Procedures
Certain medical procedures can relieve the dry eye condition. When the dryness is caused by an incomplete blink, plastic surgery may be an option. This procedure helps reduce inflammation by removing or adjusting the size of the tissue causing the problem. Another procedure to conserve tears includes the placement of tiny silicone plugs in the tear ducts. This conserves the tears the ducts are producing and allows artificial tears to remain on the eye longer. AllAboutVision.com explains that some patients may require the insertion of a lubrication-producing device inside the lower eyelid. This device works throughout the day.
Medications
A prescription strength drug called cyclosporine is effective in treating chronic dry eyes. This medication works by reducing inflammation of the eye surface and increasing the production of natural tears. Contact wearers may require a special type of lens that can reduce the risk of worsened dryness.
Other Remedies
Humidifying the surrounding air can reduce the risk of eye dryness. Dry eye sufferers should avoid forced air that blows into the eyes. This includes wearing goggles when swimming or in the wind and avoiding rubbing. Other common environmental factors that contribute to eye dryness include smoke, dust, allergens and the sun.
