Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is widely known and used to relieve minor aches and pains, inflammation or swelling and fever. It is available in prescription or over-the-counter forms (OTC), and is the active ingredient in several OTC brand names such as Advil and Motrin. Being a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine, it works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are chemicals that produce pain and inflammation. This medication is generally well-tolerated by healthy adults, however, elderly individuals may be more sensitive to this drug's effects.
Common Effects
This NSAID has several common yet mild possible negative side effects. For example, headaches, ringing in the ears, a rash and trouble sleeping have been reported. Also, drowsiness and some lightheadedness or dizziness was experienced as well as a variety of stomach distress. These frequently reported side effects are not considered to be major reactions and tend to dissipate with time. However a physician should be notified if several of these effects continue or become worrisome.
Gastrointestinal Effects
According to RxList.com, the most frequent type of side effects that participants in controlled clinical trials experienced were gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms; specifically, 4 to 16 percent of participants overall reported at least one or more digestive symptoms. Side effects may include a sour or upset stomach, gas, abdominal pain with bloating or belching. Some patients experience indigestion, nausea with or without vomiting, and constipation or diarrhea.
More serious conditions also are associated with Ibuprofen. Taking it for a long time increases the likelihood of gastrointestinal injury such as ulcers, GI bleeding or inflammatory reactions. If one notices black or tarry stools or vomits up blood, a doctor should be seen immediately.
Cardiac Effects
Serious side effects can result from taking ibuprofen as evidenced from clinical trials, as noted by RxList.com. An aspect of NSAIDs is the increased the risk of cardiovascular disorders such as a heart attack or stroke and the development of blood clots. This risk is associated with using ibuprofen for several years. Additionally, fluid retention is an infrequent side effect, yet it can be significant for patients with a history of heart disease. Therefore, those with pre-existing cardiac disease as well as kidney or liver disorders will need supervision if taking this medication for an extended period of time.
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