Methylphenidate is a prescription medication used to treat attention deficit disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and uncontrolled periods of daytime sleeping (narcolepsy). According to Drugs.com, an online drug reference, methylphenidate is classified as a central nervous system stimulant. Methylphenidate targets chemicals in the brain that affect hyperactivity and impulse control. The actual way methylphenidate works is unknown.
Proper Use
According to Drugs.com, methylphenidate should be taken at least 30 minutes prior to eating. Extended-release forms of methylphenidate can be taken with or without food. The chewable form of methylphenidate must be chewed before it is swallowed. Do not crush, chew or break the extended-release forms of this medication. Drugs.com states if the patient has trouble swallowing the extended-release capsule, it may be opened and sprinkled into applesauce and then swallowed immediately. Do not save the mixture for later. Take methylphenidate early in the day to prevent sleep disturbances.
Side Effects
A health care provider should be notified of any unusual side effects. Mayo Clinic states the most common side effect of methylphenidate is a rapid heart rate. Other side effects are chest pain, fever, pain in the joints, skin rash or hives. According to Drugs.com, less serious side effects include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, visual disturbances, dizziness, headache, sweating, numbness, cold feeling or tingling in the hands or feet, nervousness, difficulty sleeping, and weight loss.
Precautions
According to Drugs.com, methylphenidate is a commonly abused drug and should only be taken by the person it is prescribed for. Patients should not drive or operate heavy machinery until the effects of methylphenidate are known. Mayo Clinic states regular health care provider appointments should be scheduled to assess the effectiveness of methylphenidate. Blood tests and blood pressure readings will need to be obtained and monitored while taking this medication. Do not take other prescription or over-the-counter medications without notifying a health care provider first. Methylphenidate can slow growth. Track your child's height and weight while taking this medication to ensure he is growing properly.
Availability
Mayo Clinic states methylphenidate is available in the following forms: extended-release tablet, extended-release capsule, chewable tablet, liquid and tablet. Brand names for methylphenidate are Concerta, Metadate, Methylin, Daytrana and Ritalin.
Federal Approval
Methylphenidate is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of attention deficit disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy.
