ADHD, or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, is the most common childhood disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). ADHD affects a child's learning, productivity and peer relationships, and can continue beyond childhood to adulthood. Three different types of ADHD can be diagnosed depending on the presenting symptoms, which usually start appearing from ages 3 to 6. The disorder has no cure and treatment is aimed at relieving effects.
Attention Problems
ADHD children have a markedly short attention span and become distracted easily. They jump from one activity to another without completion and become bored in a matter of minutes. They cannot follow instructions without struggling, do not seem to listen when talked to or often start daydreaming right in the middle of an active conversation. Inattention causes problems at school because ADHD children have difficulty learning new material and concepts, and experience trouble completing homework. They get easily confused and have difficulty accurately processing taught information.
Hyperactivity
Talking excessively and interrupting others signals hyperactivity symptoms. ADHD children often fidget with their hands or feet and have trouble sitting still. They may touch, play or constantly move around to explore everything in sight. Being forced to sit quietly proves extremely difficult for those with ADHD---they may get up and leave at inappropriate times without considering others' expectations.
Impulsivity
Lack of self-censorship and self-control in those with ADHD falls under the impulsive behavior symptoms of the disorder. They may have trouble containing their emotions and display angry outbursts or temper tantrums. An impulsive child can unthinkingly overstep boundaries and ask overly personal or sensitive questions, invade someone's personal space and blurt out inappropriate comments. Help Guide.org states that the ADHD child is often viewed as rude, weird and needy. This affects the child's self-esteem, results in a lack of social relationships and cause them to feel lonely. It is important to be aware that impulsivity can lead the child to engage in dangerous activities without consideration of the possible consequences.
