Melanoma is a cancerous growth of the pigment producing cells, called melanocytes. It can occur on the skin, eyes or mucus membranes. Malignant melanoma is the most serious of all skin cancers, causing more than 8,400 deaths per year in the United States, according to Merck Manuals Medical Library. Most types of melanoma begin in the top layers of the skin, and are called melanoma in situ.
Lentigo Maligna Melanoma
Lentigo maligna melanoma is most common in the elderly, and often begins in a type of freckle called a Huthchinson's freckle. It makes up 5 to15 percent of all melanomas, and is primarily found on sun-damaged skin on the trunk, arms, face and ears. These melanomas appear as flat, irregularly shaped plaques that are tan, or brown in color. There may be areas of darker brown or black flecks.
Nodular
The nodular type of melanoma can grow rapidly, and is the most aggressive form of melanoma. By the time of diagnosis, it has usually become invasive. The cancer appears as a raised area that may be flesh colored, gray, bluish black or bluish red. This type represents 10 to 15 percent of malignant melanomas.
Superficial Spreading
This is the most common type of malignant melanoma, accounting for about 70 percent of melanoma cases, reports the Skin Cancer Foundation. It most commonly appears on the chest and backs of men, and the legs of women. The cancer can develop from a mole, and appears as a flat, or raised patch with colors of brown, black, red, blue or white. The borders are irregular, and may look notched. Caucasians are most susceptible to this type of melanoma, although it can occur in anyone.
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
Acral lentiginous melanoma is the most common form of melanoma in Asians and African Americans, but only makes up 5 to 10 percent of all melanomas. It most often occurs under the nails, on the palms of hands or the soles of feet. These cancers look like discolored black or brown areas.
