The reproductive system refers to a group of organs necessary for fertility. In women, the reproductive organs consist of the uterus, vagina and ovaries. In men, the reproductive organs consist of the penis and testicles. Sometimes, these organs can become diseased and lead to fertility problems and pelvic pain. The diseases of the reproductive system in humans can be treated in various ways.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis refers to a medical condition that plagues the female reproductive system. The Mayo Clinic says that endometriosis is a medical problem in which the tissues coating the inner lining of the uterus are found elsewhere in the body. For example, the endometrial tissue can be found in the ovaries or fallopian tubes. Symptoms of endometriosis include pelvic pain and cramping during menstruation and sexual intercourse, infertility and excessive bleeding with menstruation. The exact cause of endometriosis is unknown. Treating endometriosis involves taking over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen and receiving hormonal treatments such as danazol or medroxyprogesterone. Surgery may be necessary to remove the endometrial tissue. Sometimes, a hysterectomy is performed to remove the uterus and ovaries.
Polycystic Ovary Disease
Polycystic ovary disease is another female reproductive disease in which tiny cysts infiltrate the ovaries. The University of Maryland Medical Center says that symptoms of polycystic ovary disease include irregular or abnormal periods, worsened acne, facial hair and deepening of the voice. Polycystic ovary disease also leads to increased hair growth, weight gain and infertility. This medical condition typically occurs when follicles within the ovary do not mature. Instead of being expelled from the ovaries, they form into cysts. Medications such as birth control pills, flutamide, spiranolactone and clomiphene citrate can be used to treat polycystic ovary disease.
Penile Cancer
Penile cancer refers to a cancer of the male reproductive system. The University of Maryland Medical Center says that typical symptoms of penile cancer include genital lesions, penile pain, bleeding from the penis and a painless sore on the penis. Unfortunately, the specific cause of penile cancer is unknown. Risk factors for developing penile cancer is the existence of smegma, a substance found underneath the penile foreskin. Treating penile cancer involves receiving chemotherapy and radiation to eliminate the penile cancer cells Surgery may be necessary to actually remove the cancer.
