Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease resulting in mild or severe symptoms. It has several different forms that can cause inflammation and damage to various parts of the body, including the skin, joints and organs. The Lupus Foundation of America reports that over 90 percent of cases occur in women, usually during childbearing years. Genetics and environment play a role in the development of lupus, but the cause remains unknown.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus can affect any area of the body. Symptoms vary in intensity, from mild to life threatening. The disease can come on suddenly or progress slowly over a period of years with episodes of unexplained aches and a lack of energy. Painful swelling of the joints, fever, and extreme fatigue are often some of the earliest symptoms. Rashes may develop, especially across the nose and cheeks.
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Discoid lupus erythematosus is a chronic skin condition that results in round, raised, red patches that can be thick and scaly. The rash can be anywhere on the body and often leaves scars. Discoid lupus primarily involves the skin, but some people with the condition may also have systemic lupus or may develop it later, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.
Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, (SCLE), is similar to discoid lupus. People with this variant experience flares of widespread rashes. The Merck Manuals Medical Library states that SCLE occurs on sun exposed areas of the body, and rarely results in scars.
Neonatal Lupus
Neonatal Lupust causes babies to be born with skin rashes, low blood cell counts and liver problems. It is thought to be caused by antibodies passed from mother to fetus. This can occur in babies born to women with lupus or to mothers who have no disease. Neonatal lupus usually resolves over a period of months, but rarely it can cause a severe problem with the baby's heart.
Drug Induced Lupus
Many different drugs can cause drug induced lupus, including certain high blood pressure medications, antibiotics, thyroid medicines and birth control pills. The Lupus Foundation of America says that the condition clears within about six months of stopping the offending drug.
