5 Ways to Soothe a Burn

1. Immediate Medical Attention Is Necessary

Treating and soothing burns depends on the type of burn, degree, extent of skin damage and presence or absence of infection. Typically, first-degree burns can be soothed with self-care, while more extensive second- and third-degree burns require immediate medical attention to avoid complications such as infection, dehydration, blood vessel damage, severe swelling, blistering, shock and sudden death. In these situations, contact emergency services immediately. Until help arrives, do not remove any clothing on or near the burn site. Instead, apply cold compresses to the area, and elevate the burn site above the heart, if possible. Do not break blisters, because that will open the area to infection.

2. Cooling Soothes Burn Pain

To prevent complications or progression, immediately apply cold compresses or run cold water on the area. Cooling within 20 to 30 minutes reduces burn progression, risk of infection, pain and swelling. It also removes toxins. However, you should not apply cooling for longer than 20 to 30 minutes. Cooling gels such as Burnshield may also be used. Note that cold compresses should not be used for chemical burns, since they maintain the chemical in contact with the skin. Washing out the site with running water is more effective for preventing infection and soothing pain.

3. Anti-inflammatory Drugs Reduce Pain and Decrease Inflammation

Administration of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, naproxen or aspirin may reduce inflammation and soothe pain associated with burns. However, these drugs should be used only on a temporary basis. Additionally, check with a medical practitioner to make sure that NSAIDs are not contraindicated with other medications being prescribed. In more severe cases, medical practitioners may prescribe stronger pain-relieving drugs such as opioids. These drugs should be taken with caution due to their side effects and risk of addiction.

4. Alternative Approaches for Burn Relief

Alternative approaches such as aloe, lidocaine and honey may be used to soothe a first-degree burn. Honey has antibiotic properties that help prevent infection and soothe a burn. Aloe and lidocaine also have soothing properties to reduce pain and swelling as well as prevent blistering. However, these home remedies are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for burn treatment and should be used with caution. Consult a medical practitioner for proper care.

5. Clean, Apply Ointment and Dress the Wound

Burns should be properly cleaned with mild soap or antibacterial wash. You can use antimicrobial ointments such as bacitracin to prevent infection and soothe the burn. It is also essential that you properly cover the burn with the correct type of dressing. The dressing should effectively cover the burn without being wrapped around the burn. Polyvinyl chloride film is preferred, but you can also use cotton gauze sheets. Change the dressing every 24 to 48 hours, and have it checked by a medical practitioner every 24 hours. However, if the burn area is too large to cover, such as a first-degree sunburn, apply aloe or lidocaine. Additionally, use a thin cotton blanket to help you stay warm. In cases where infection is present, a medical practitioner will prescribe antibiotics to prevent further complications.