The common cold is the result of catching one of more than 200 viruses, according to the Mayo Clinic. One of the main symptoms of the common cold is nasal and head congestion, which if not treated, may lead to complications such as developing a sinus infection, ear infection or pneumonia. Knowing the symptoms of the common cold and sinus issues can help you identify the illness and self-treat with over-the-counter drugs (OTC). Always talk to your doctor before taking any medications.
Nasal Discharge
Nasal discharge caused by the common cold will begin as a runny nose and slowly develop into thicker, more greenish mucus. The nasal congestion may affect other areas of the head with eye pain, pressure build-up in the inner ear and headaches. A consistent runny nose may be the sign of an allergic reaction and not related to a cold. See your doctor to determine what is causing the congestion.
Postnasal Drip
Postnasal drip is a common symptom from the common cold. The excess mucus built up in the sinus cavity may not be able to drain properly through the nose, so it drips in the back of the throat. Postnasal drip can cause mucus build-up in the chest, a soar throat and a sour stomach. Taking an OTC decongestant may help to open the sinuses to drain properly. While postnasal drip may cause a sore throat, if you experience pain in the throat, seek medical attention.
Low-grade Fever
A low-grade fever is common with both the common cold and a sinus infection. A low-grade fever is defined by the Mayo Clinic as anything below 102 degrees Fahrenheit, and may cause body aches, chills and drowsiness. Anything over 102 degrees Fahrenheit may be a sign of something more significant taking place, and you should seek medical advice.
Headaches
Headaches may be felt in the forehead, the back of the neck or in the general area of the nose with a cold and sinus issues. Most headaches are the result of sinus pressure built up throughout the head. Treat headaches due to sinus pressure with OTC anti-inflammatory pain relievers such as ibuprofen and aspirin. These pain relievers not only help with pain management, but will also help to reduce swelling in the sinus cavity due to inflammation. Do not take anti-inflammatory drugs if you are pregnant, nursing, have high blood pressure or heart disease. Discuss with your doctor which pain reliever is right for you.
