Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the blood vessels. Sometimes, this force can be so high that not enough blood can flow through the vessels. This may increase the chances of having a heart attack or stroke. In some instances, blood pressure can be low and lead to fainting and organ failure. There are many different medications to treat high blood pressure
Losartan
Losartan, commonly sold as Cozaar, is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist that prevents blood vessel constriction. Drugs.com says that this medication reduces blood pressure and lowers stroke risk. It also reduces kidney damage that can occur in people with type 2 diabetes. Losartan's less-concerning side effects include dizziness, a headache, stomach pain, diarrhea, a sore throat and a cough. Sometimes, this medication leads to back, leg or muscle pain. Losartan's serious side effects include chest pain, swelling of the feet or hands, a slow heart rate and pale skin. Call a doctor when losartan leads to these effects. Losartan is a tablet taken daily or as prescribed.
Nifedipine
Nifedipine, commonly sold as Adalat CC, Procardia XL or Afeditab, is a calcium channel blocker that relaxes blood vessels. Drugs.com says that it reduces blood pressure and manages chest pain (angina). Nifedipine's less-serious side effects include insomnia, constipation, fatigue, constipation and nausea. Some of its serious side effects include irregular heartbeats, yellowing of the eyes or skin, dizziness and swelling of the ankles or eyes. Call a physician when nifedipine leads to these effects. Nifedipine is a tablet taken daily.
Ramipril
Ramipril, commonly sold as Altace, is an angiotensin-converting enzyme that reduces the amount of angiotensin-converting enzyme that tightens the blood vessels. MedlinePlus says that ramipril's less-serious side effects include vomiting, weakness, a headache, dizziness and stomach problems. Ramipril's serious side effects include fainting, lightheadedness, a sore throat, fever and trouble breathing or swallowing. Call a doctor when ramipril leads to these effects. Taking such medications as indomethacin, aspirin or lithium may require a decrease in ramipril's dose. Ramipril is a capsule taken once to two times daily.
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