There are several types of drugs that can relieve the symptoms of anxiety disorder. Tranquilizers, antidepressants and beta blockers are the most commonly prescribed. Some anxiety medications are taken on a daily basis; others are for temporary use.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines, such as Xanax, Valium, Klonopin and Ativan, are tranquilizers that slow down the central nervous system and relieve the feelings of anxiety. Tranquilizers work quickly. They are effective in treating panic attacks or sudden overwhelming anxiety. According to helpguide.org, side effects from taking benzodiazepines include drowsiness, fatigue and a hangover effect. Patients can become addicted to benzodiazepines. The Anxiety Disorders Association of America recommends they only be used short-term. Another worrisome side effect of tranquilizers is that they may trigger depression in some patients after long-term use. They are known to block positive feelings.
Antidepressants
Antidepressants, such as Buspar, Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, Lexapro and Celexa, are often prescribed for general anxiety disorder, social anxiety and chronic problems with anxiety. These drugs take 4 to 6 weeks to reach their full effectiveness, so they are not a short-term or immediate solution for panic attacks. Common side effects of antidepressants include nausea and upset stomach, headaches, dizziness and weight gain. The FDA requires that all antidepressants warn patients about increased risk of suicidal thoughts. Some patients experience an increase in anxiety rather than a decrease, so your doctor must be aware of your thoughts and feelings if you're taking antidepressants. HelpGuide.org recommends medicines for anxiety disorder be combined with psychotherapy or behavior modification therapy for the maximum benefit.
Beta Blockers
HelpGuide.org states that beta blockers, such as Inderal or Tenormin, which usually are used for high blood pressure and heart problems, also reduce stress and anxiety symptoms. Beta blockers control anxiety symptoms, such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, dizziness and shaking. Most patients find beta blockers work if they are experiencing social anxiety or performance phobia, and these drugs can be taken in response to situations rather than long term. They do not help reduce feelings of worry, just the physical effects of worry. Side effects of taking beta blockers include dizziness or light-headedness, sleepiness and nausea.
