Fosamax, or alendronate sodium, is a medication that is used to prevent or treat bone loss, as in those with Paget's disease, and frequently is prescribed to post-menopausal women for osteoporosis. Fosamax is classified as a bisphosphonate drug that works by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, that is, specific bone cells that break down and re-absorb bone into the body. It should not be taken by pregnant or nursing women as well as those with an esophageal disease history.
Gastrointestinal Distress
Fosamax usually is well tolerated. The most frequently reported effects, according to RxList.com, are gastrointestinal in nature and may include heartburn, acid reflux and an upset stomach or abdominal pain. Also, some may complain of diarrhea, nausea or constipation, yet it is likely that many complaints are avoidable by taking this medication specifically as directed. Drugs.com emphasizes taking Fosamax in the morning at least 30 minutes before eating or drinking anything, including other medications; also, take each dose with 6 to 8 oz. of plain water, not mineral water. Then stand or sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication. A danger of Fosamax is that it can cause serious irritation or ulceration to the mucosa of the esophagus and stomach. It may even produce esophageal bleeding, which is the reason for not administering Fosamax to those with previous esophageal disease.
Pain
While taking Fosamax, you may experience mild to severe bone, joint or muscle pain, along with swelling. For example, you may develop serious discomfort or numbness and swelling of the jaw. There also may be pain during swallowing. Other serious dangers may include chest or back pain or a painful burning in the rib cage. On the other hand, some patients may report a generalized sensation of pain throughout the body. The prescribing physician needs to be informed if pain occurs as well as the extent to which it interferes with daily activities. In such a situation, the health care provider may prescribe an anti-inflammatory medication for the patient.
Osteonecrosis and Fractures
A potentially dangerous effect associated with Fosamax is an increased risk of developing osteonecrosis, or irreversible degeneration and death of the jaw bone. In March 2010, ABC News also released information that indicated a possible link between Fosamax and an increased risk of spontaneous stress fractures of the femur due to brittle bones. The data are being investigated by the Food and Drug Administration, but initial comments indicate that bone fractures appear to most frequently occur in those who have been on Fosamax for five years or longer. If you have been taking Fosamax for several years and begin experiencing severe pain in the hip area, contact your physician immediately for an evaluation.
