Obesity is a condition in which a person's body weight greatly exceeds limits considered healthy. While it can be aggravated by diseases like hypothyroidism, obesity is largely the result of lifestyle factors like poor diet and lack of exercise. Numerous health conditions are associated with obesity, many of which can cause physical pain. Understanding the causes of physical pain in obesity is an important step in finding a safe and effective treatment.
Types
Not all pain is created equal. There are many different types of pain, all of which can range in severity from mild to debilitating. Joint and muscle pain is often described as dull or grating, while nerve pain generally causes a burning or stabbing sensation. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), obese people are at an increased risk for health conditions including Type II diabetes, arthritis, heart disease and menstrual problems---all of which can cause physical pain.
Causes
Arthritis, which causes joint damage and pain, is a common affliction among obese people. According to the Johns-Hopkins Arthritis Center, obese men are five times more likely to suffer from arthritis, while obese women have a four times greater risk compared to the general population. Even 10 pounds of extra weight increases strain on the knee by 30 to 60 pounds with every step, the center explains.
Diabetic neuropathy is another obesity-related condition known to cause pain. Symptoms may include muscular cramps, severe pain in the extremities and burning sensations in affected limbs. Other health conditions that may cause pain in obese people include circulatory disorders, heart disease and some cancers.
Treatment
Acute pain is generally treated using over-the-counter and prescription painkillers. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the treatment of choice for arthritis, though opioids may be used in severe situations. Diabetic neuropathy is generally treated with anti-seizure medications like gabapentin and tricyclic antidepressants. Losing weight may bring improvement in both symptoms and underlying conditions that cause pain in obese people.
Prevention
The best way to prevent obesity-related pain is to maintain a healthy weight. Balancing the number of calories ingested with the amount of energy expended through physical activity is the most efficient weight loss method. Regular exercise helps keep joints mobile while burning calories and supporting a healthy metabolism. Regular doctor's visits allow patients to monitor health problems and treat symptoms as they arise.
Considerations
Not all obese people experience excessive physical pain. There are many potential causes of pain associated with obesity, some of which can be life-threatening. If you experience severe pain accompanied by vomiting, dizziness or loss of consciousness, seek immediate medical attention.
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