The only way to positively confirm a pregnancy is by visiting your physician and undergoing the appropriate tests, but there are some early signs of pregnancy that may appear as early as one to two weeks after conception. Once the sperm and egg meet, the fertilized egg travels into the uterus, where it begins to implant into the uterine wall. During this time, the body's levels of estrogen and progesterone begin to rise rapidly. Not all women will experience the same signs and symptoms of pregnancy, and symptoms may also differ from those of a past pregnancy.
Delay in Menstruation and Implantation Bleeding
A delayed or missed menstruation is the most common pregnancy symptom that leads a woman to test for pregnancy, states the American Pregnancy Association. Some women will have some mild bleeding or spotting early in pregnancy. This is known as implantation bleeding, which occurs as the fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus. This type of bleeding is usually lighter in flow, duration and color than a normal menstrual period. Your physician will be able to determine if your bleeding is implantation bleeding. This is confirmed by blood work and an exam.
Breast Changes
As early as two weeks after conception, hormonal changes may make your breasts tender, tingly or sore, reports the Mayo Clinic. They may feel tender to the touch, fuller and heavier than usual. This is because of the rising levels of the hormone progesterone. The nipple area can also be extremely tender. You may notice the areola (darkened skin surrounding the nipple) seems darker in color and appears larger in size. Some women may also notice the appearance of Montgomery's tubercles, which are tiny "bumps" that are scattered on the areola. The use of a warm compress and a supportive bra may help minimize breast discomfort.
Morning Sickness
This well-known pregnancy symptom often shows up two to eight weeks after conception, reports the American Pregnancy Association. Although the nausea and vomiting associated with pregnancy is called morning sickness, it can occur at any time throughout the day. Nausea is thought to occur because of the rapidly rising levels of estrogen, which slows the gastrointestinal system and makes you more prone to nausea and vomiting. You may also experience food aversions and cravings, as well as a sensitivity to certain odors. In severe cases, vomiting may lead to dehydration, which is dangerous for you and your baby. Contact your obstetrician if vomiting becomes severe.
