The University of Virginia advises that most bee stings cause only minor discomfort; however, some people may have a severe allergic reaction to bee stings. Allergic reactions to bees can occur anytime, even if someone has only had mild reactions to a bee sting in the past. Knowing the symptoms of an allergic reaction is important, as symptoms can quickly become life-threatening. Severe allergy symptoms progress within minutes after a sting, and require immediate medical attention.
Localized Reaction
Toxins released into the skin by the bee's stinger can cause localized allergy symptoms around the sting site. The National Institutes of Health state that most people with a localized reaction will experience redness and swelling of the skin around the sting site, itching over the sting or a burning sensation. Localized reactions will generally go away several hours after the initial sting. However, reactions that get worse or are accompanied by other allergy symptoms are cause for medical attention.
Hives
Bee toxin can cause severe reaction inside the body which triggers changes to the skin. Hives, or large raised patches on the skin, can present all over the body. Hives can appear as pale-to-red areas on the skin, and will itch or burn when touch. The Mayo Clinic warns that hives are an immediate sign of a severe allergy to a bee sting, called anaphylaxis, one that warrants immediate medical attention. Hives can present immediately to several minutes after a bee sting, and may progressively get worse until medical treatment is given.
Trouble Breathing
Following a sting, bee toxins circulate throughout the body and can trigger swelling of the tongue, lips, face and throat in someone who is allergic. This presents an immediate danger, as swelling of the lips and throat can hinder breathing. Someone who is stung may initially experience tingling in her lips or face--an early signal of an allergic reaction--and may feel tightness in the throat or chest. She may have trouble taking a deep breath and experience labored breathing, and may cough in an effort to open the airway. If left untreated, respiratory compromise and failure can ensue.
