A nut allergy occurs when a child's immune system mistakenly interprets a nut to be a harmful substance. The immune system reacts by developing antibodies against the proteins found in nuts. These antibodies are specifically designed to destroy the nut proteins, causing the body and many of its systems to violently react. Because a nut allergy can have serious side effects, even death, it is important to recognize when a child is having an allergic reaction.
Skin Reactions
Anomalies of the skin are the most common sign of a nut allergy. Experts at the KidsHealth website explain that an allergy can cause the skin to erupt in hives or rashes that can be itchy and red. In addition, the face or area around a child's mouth may swell and turn red.
Laryngospasm
A laryngospasm is a life-threatening symptom of a nut allergy. Laryngospasm occurs immediately after the nut is swallowed. It causes the vocal cords to swell immediately. If not urgently treated, the vocal cords can swell shut, making it impossible for a child to breathe. He will require an injection of epinephrine to stop the allergic reaction.
Gastrointestinal Reactions
A nut allergy can present itself with gastrointestinal reactions. After nut consumption, a child may develop abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a severe symptom of a nut allergy. According to the Mayo Clinic, nut allergy is the most common reason for anaphylaxis. This condition occurs soon after consumption of nuts, causing the airway to constrict and making it difficult for a child to breathe. The body goes into shock, instigating a sharp decline in blood pressure. The pulse also becomes rapid. Dizziness and lightheadedness may occur, causing fainting. If a child exhibits symptoms of anaphylaxis, she must be immediately taken to the emergency room.
Respiratory Reactions
A nut allergy can cause a range of respiratory symptoms. The KidsHealth website says that symptoms may include watering eyes, a stuffy or runny nose, sneezing, wheezing and coughing. If a child has asthma, a nut allergy reaction may even trigger an asthma attack.
