Epilepsy refers to a neurological condition in which the brain's electrical activity is on overdrive. This typically leads to changes in behavior and attention. Specific signs of epilepsy include convulsions, staring spells, emotional changes and smelling a distinct odor that does not exist in reality, according to MedlinePlus. Fortunately, medications prescribed for epilepsy are available to decrease these symptoms.
Levetiracetam
Levetiracetam, commonly sold as Keppra or Keppra XR, is an anti-epileptic medication that treats epileptic seizures in adults and children. Specifically, it decreases the electrical activity in the brain. Levetiracetam's less concerning side effects include drowsiness, a headache, a runny nose, neck pain and dizziness, according to Drugs.com. Levetiracetam's serious side effects include hallucinations, yellowing of the skin or eyes, a lack of coordination and weakness. Talk to a physician when levetiracetam causes these effects. Avoid combining levetiracetam with alcohol as this can lead to impaired thinking and reactions. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery when combining these two items. Levetiracetam is a tablet or liquid taken daily or as prescribed.
Lamotrigine
Lamotrigine, commonly sold as Lamictal, is an anticonvulsant medication that also reduces the brain's electrical activity. Sometimes, this medication is also used to treat depression, mania or bipolar I disorder. Lamotrigine's less concerning side effects include blurry vision, crossed eyes, a cough, a runny nose, heartburn and constipation, according to MedlinePlus. Some of its serious side effects include chest pain and swelling of the feet, hands, legs or ankles. Phone a doctor if lamotrigine leads to these effects. Taking medications such as methotrexate, trimethoprim, phenobarbital or phenytoin may require an alteration in lamotrigine's dose. This medication is a tablet or liquid taken one to two times daily.
Topiramate
Topiramate, commonly sold as Topamax, is another anticonvulsant medication that treats epileptic seizures. Topiramate's less concerning effects include dizziness, a headache, trouble sleeping, slowed thinking, numbness or tingling, weight loss and a poor appetite, according to Drugs.com. Some of its serious side effects include vomiting, increased urination, low back pain, nausea and dry skin. Call a physician if topiramate leads to these effects. Topiramate is a tablet taken daily or as prescribed.
