Scoliosis is an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine, which may curve in one spot and be shaped like the letter C. The spine also can curve in several places and be shaped like the letter S. This abnormality can be mild and never require treatment, or it can be severe and cause disability. There is no exact known cause of scoliosis. Like many conditions, the earlier it is diagnosed and treatment is started the better. If you know that you have risk factors for scoliosis, talk to your doctor about how often you should be screened.
Family History
If someone in your family has scoliosis, your risk of this condition increases to 20 percent, states the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. If scoliosis runs in your family, you should talk to your health care provider about getting screened. Screening is important because scoliosis can occur without symptoms until it becomes more severe. Your doctor can check for this condition during a routine physical exam.
Age and Gender
According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, scoliosis can occur at any age although it is usually diagnosed in preteens and teenagers. Females tend to get this condition more than males. It tends to occur starting around age 10. Scoliosis may begin as a mild curvature that gets worse during a growth spurt. If you suspect scoliosis, look for uneven shoulders, one rib appearing higher than the other, one arm looking longer, a tendency to lean towards one side or a hem line that looks uneven. If the curvature is severe, bracing or surgery may be required to correct the problem.
Underlying Medical Conditions
The Scoliosis Association reports that most cases of scoliosis occur with no known cause. At other times, it can be secondary to another condition. This includes cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, polio, Marfan's syndrome, Down syndrome and congenital birth defects. In adults, conditions that weaken the spine, such as osteoporosis and arthritis, can raise your risk of scoliosis. Managing any underlying medical condition will be the first step in treatment. You want to do all you can to maintain good health. If scoliosis becomes severe enough, it can cause chronic pain and difficulty breathing.
