Bell's palsy is a condition that causes temporary facial paralysis. It happens when the facial nerves become damaged or compressed. This damage restricts the nerve signals traveling from the brain to the muscles of the face, making the facial muscles weak. This condition which tends to affect just one side of the face can be mild or severe. While the exact cause of Bell's palsy remains unknown, certain risk factors exist for this condition. If you develop Bell's palsy, you and your doctor will need to find the best method to treat the damage to the nerves.
Viral Infections
If you develop a cold, flu or viral infection, such as herpes, chickenpox, mononucleosis, HIV or Lyme disease, the nerves in the face may become swollen. As they swell, the nerves may press up against nearby bones. This will compress the nerves and can cause the symptoms of Bell's palsy, states the American Academy of Family Physicians. In these cases the condition is usually temporary, but it may take a month or two to resolve. Your doctor can prescribe medications to help control the swelling and relieve your symptoms.
Age
Bell's palsy can occur at any age, but it tends to occur most often in those who are between 15 to 60 years old. This disease is rare, but once you get it, you are at risk for getting it again. According to the National Institutes of Health, three out of every four patients recover completely. Your doctor will need to do a physical exam, go over your history of symptoms and take scans to help confirm a diagnosis and figure out the best course of treatment.
Pregnancy, Diabetes and Stroke
According to the Mayo Clinic, Bell's palsy can occur in the third trimester of pregnancy. While the exact link is still unknown, it may be that normal fluid retention and weight gain during pregnancy can cause the facial nerves to swell or become compressed. Bell's palsy can also be the result of nerve damage from diabetes or a stroke. In the case of diabetes, taking steps to keep your blood sugar levels in control can lower your chances of developing complications. You should also be aware of your risk of a stroke and do all you can to keep your blood pressure and cholesterol levels in check. With heart disease and diabetes prevention is the key. While many cases of Bell's palsy get better, if the nerve damage is severe symptoms may be permanent.
