Obesity in children and adolescents is defined as a child or teen weighing more than the normal accepted values for their age and height. Childhood obesity not only has immediate negative affects, but it also can lead to long-term problems as well. There are several factors that can contribute to childhood and adolescent obesity, and the majority of these factors can be controlled.
Causes
According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), the most common causes of obesity in children and adolescents are overeating and lack of physical activity. Although there are some genetic and hormonal conditions that could contribute to childhood obesity, these are rarely the main causes. In general, adoption of a healthful and balanced diet along with regular physical activity can help keep children and teens at a healthy weight.
Physical Activity
Physical activity is important for everyone, but is especially important for children and teens. Establishing regular physical activity regimens early in childhood will set the stage for an overall healthy lifestyle. According to the CDC, children who participate in exercise at an early age are more likely to continue physical activity into adulthood.
Healthful Diet
Increased portion sizes, frequent snacking and eating meals away from home all contribute to an overall unhealthful diet that can lead to obesity, especially in children. Children should consume a healthful diet rich in fruits and vegetables and low in processed foods and high-sugar beverages. Pay attention to serving sizes, and limit meals from fast food establishments. Although children need snacks between meals, it is best to have set snack times to help avoid frequent snacking.
Fast Food
Fast foods, although a quick and easy dinner option, are generally less than nutritionally adequate. They tend to be high in fats, calories, sugars and sodium. It is not logical or necessary to ban fast foods from a child's diet entirely; however, it is best to limit their consumption as much as possible and educate them on the importance of choosing healthier options. Children who are taught to make healthful choices at home are more likely to opt for healthier choices when away from home as well.
Negative Effects
According to the Mayo Clinic, childhood obesity has a long list of both immediate and long-term negative effects. Children and adolescents who are classified as obese can suffer lowered self-esteem, depression and other negative social impacts. Mayo also says that obesity during childhood increases the risk of developing diseases such as type 2 diabetes, asthma, metabolic syndrome, high cholesterol and heart disease. Obese children are also more likely to be obese into adulthood.
Being an Example
Parents and other adults involved in children's lives have the ability to be a role model for living an overall healthy lifestyle. It is important to not only educate children about the importance of eating healthfully and staying physically active, but also to practice these things as well. Children look up to the adults in their lives and strive to be just like them, thus it is important to lead by example.
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