4 Ways to Protect Yourself From HIV and AIDS

1. Know What You're Getting Into

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are commonly transmitted through sexual contact. Approximately 25 percent of those living with HIV are unaware they have it. One of the best ways to protect yourself and your partner is to get tested before engaging in sexual contact. HIV tests are designed to detect the HIV antibodies that the immune system starts to produce after the virus enters the body. The most common HIV tests are blood draws, but tests that check saliva and urine are also available. Results can take anywhere from several minutes to several days. If a preliminary HIV test establishes a positive result, another test is administered to confirm the presence of the virus. Home collection kits are available at most local drug stores. Using these kits involves sending a small blood sample to a laboratory for testing. People who use home collection kits are assigned a number to use while calling in for their results, ensuring anonymity.

2. Safe Sex or No Sex

Condoms are the only form of birth control that protects against HIV and AIDS. To be effective, a condom must be used correctly every time there is sexual contact, and must be in place prior to any contact. Condoms must be made of latex or polyurethane to protect against the virus. HIV can pass through natural membrane condoms, also called lambskin condoms. Natural membrane condoms are commonly used by people who are allergic to latex. Male condoms are the most effective at preventing HIV, but female condoms are another option. Never use a male condom in tandem with a female condom, as the friction will prevent them from staying in place. Never use more than one condom at a time. Immediately remove and dispose of the condom after use.

3. Don't Get Stuck

Sharing needles with someone who is infected is another common way of contracting HIV and AIDS. Never use a needle that has not come from sterile packaging. If you're getting a tattoo or piercing, look around the shop to check for cleanliness. If the place seems dirty, find another shop. Quality tattoo shops should resemble a doctor's office, with a waiting room and individual rooms for the artists. Ask an employee if the shop has a separate sterilization room and which health certificates the artists have earned. At the very least, every artist should be certified in preventing cross contamination by the American Red Cross.

4. Watch for Flying Fluids

Always wear latex gloves if you're administering first aid to someone who is bleeding. HIV and AIDS can be transmitted if blood from an infected person gets into another person's open cut, such a paper cut. Avoid getting someone else's blood in your eyes and mouth.