Platelets are very tiny blood cells that have a key role in blood clotting. Platelets come together to form plug-like structures that block the flow of bleeding upon injury. When circulating platelet levels become low, a condition known as thrombocytopenia, a number of mild to serious symptoms may develop. If you are found to have a low platelet count, you may be at risk for these complications.
Tiny Red Spots on the Arms and Legs
When platelet numbers become low, small capillary blood vessels on the skin's surface may rupture and form tiny red spots, typically on the arms or legs. These small spots, called petechiae, are typically harmless but may require treatment. The Mayo Clinic explains how petechiae develop from low platelet levels.
Easy Bruising
A number of disorders of the blood and the process of coagulation can lead to excessive bruising. The Duke University Health System explains how low platelet counts can also lead to easy bruising and abnormal bruising patterns.
Bleeding Gums
A number of factors, such as poor dental hygiene and tartar build-up, can cause bleeding of the gums. Persistent gum bleeding can also be the result of low platelet levels. Medline Plus from the National Institutes of Health recommends that individuals with low platelet levels talk to a medical professional to learn more about proper dental care while their platelet levels are low. Individuals with low platelet levels may need to avoid flossing as well as vigorous brushing and may require special mouth-washing regimens.
Blood in the Urine or Stool
Blood in the urine or stool can be the sign of a serious medical condition and should be reported to a physician immediately. The American Cancer Society explains that individuals with decreasing platelet levels may experience blood in the urine or stool if their platelet levels reach sufficiently low levels.
Internal Bleeding
The Mayo Clinic lists internal bleeding as a potentially deadly complication of low platelet levels. When platelet numbers reach dangerously low levels, spontaneous bleeding in the intestines or brain can occur with fatal consequences.
