Hand sanitizer is a soap-like cleanser that kills germs without the use of water. It contains ethyl alcohol--the same kind used in alcoholic beverages--and can be an effective and convenient alternative to soap and water. Despite its popularity and ease of use, hand sanitizer can be dangerous when used irresponsibly. Understanding the dangers of hand sanitizer can help prevent unnecessary risks while helping you get the most benefit from the product.
Flammability
While the risk of flammability is relatively minimal when used in small amounts, hand sanitizers have the potential to cause fire when exposed to open flame. According to the Office of the Fire Marshall in Ontario, Canada, both foam and gel forms of hand sanitizer ignite and burn readily when exposed to fire.
To reduce the risk of fire, avoid matches, lighters and other direct heat sources until the hand sanitizer has dried thoroughly. Warn children of the potential for flammability and supervise them when using the product.
Skin and Eye Irritation
Alcohol-based hand sanitizer can cause pain and irritation when applied to open wounds like hang nails, cuts and scrapes. It can also cause dryness and cracking of the skin when used in excess, due to the astringent properties of alcohol. When it comes into contact with the eyes, severe irritation and redness may occur.
To minimize irritation caused by hand sanitizer, do not apply to skin wounds like burns or cuts. Avoid overuse of the product, and apply a moisturizer after each use to prevent dryness. If eye contact occurs, rinse with cool running water and seek medical attention if irritation is severe or persistent.
Alcohol Poisoning
While the risks are sometimes exaggerated, hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning when ingested. According to the Mayo Clinic, hand sanitizers are sometimes swallowed for their alcohol content in places where other sources of alcohol are unavailable, such as hospitals and rehabilitation centers. Accidental ingestion by children can pose an even greater risk due to their small body weight and the potential for poisoning.
To reduce the likelihood of ingestion, keep alcohol-based hand sanitizers out of the reach of young children. Use only a dime-sized amount and avoid hand-to-mouth contact until the product has dried thoroughly. Supervise children when using hand sanitizer, and be aware of the potential for abuse by people with a history of alcoholism or substance abuse.
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