Kidney stones, also known as renal lithiasis, occur when deposits develop in the kidneys. These deposits are composed of minerals, such as calcium, or acid salts that accumulate when urine is concentrated. Kidney stones vary in size, but large ones can be painful. Kidney stones alone don't create permanent damage. However, eliminating them is vital to reducing pain and associated symptoms.
Take Over-the-Counter Medication
One of the primary symptoms of kidney stones is pain. It is generally not necessary to visit a doctor for the pain. Most patients are directed to take an over-the-counter medication, such as an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are two commonly available NSAIDs that can be taken for pain. If it appears that the pain medication is not relieving the pain, consult a doctor for further examination.
Stay Hydrated
It's important to remain hydrated. Staying hydrated helps flush out your kidneys and reduce any concentration in urine. The Mayo Clinic indicates that patients with kidney stones should pass approximately 2.5L of urine. The University of Maryland Medical Center suggests drinking a minimum of eight 8 oz. glasses of water daily for adequate hydration. If you are exercising, drink more water to compensate for water loss through perspiration.
Flush Out Additional Toxins
In addition to drinking an adequate amount of water, the Mayo Clinic suggests drinking green or black tea. Tea is a form of natural diuretic, which helps flush out the kidneys and prevent substances from accumulating. Additionally, drinking lemon or orange juice can help with kidney stones. Although it has not been proven by research, in some cases, citric acid has been known to reduce calcium levels in urine.
Adjust Your Diet
Dietary adjustments have helped some patients with kidney stones reduce their occurrence, according to the Mayo Clinic. Overall, the goal is to reduce consumption of oxalate-rich foods. These foods include beets, okra, spinach, sweet potatoes, chocolate and soy products. It is also important to reduce salt and choose animal proteins, nuts and leafy vegetables.
