Condoms are the only proven method for reducing the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases during intercourse, according to American Social Health Association. In addition to protecting against diseases, condoms can also help prevent unwanted pregnancies. However, it is best for people to learn all about condoms before deciding if this method of birth control is the right choice for them.
Function
Condoms work by acting as a barrier to stop bodily fluids from exchanging during sexual intercourse. The male condom goes over the penis, while the female condom goes inside the vaginal opening and covers the cervix. Both kinds of condoms are available at any drugstore without a prescription.
Types
Many different types of condoms are available. Latex condoms are the most popular material for condoms, but many couples also decide to use condoms made of polyurethane, polyisoprene or lambskin. The Food and Drug Administration says latex condoms are the best choice for STD prevention. In addition to different materials, there are also differences in texture between different types of condoms. Some are studded or ribbed, which may provide extra sensations for both the man or the woman. There are also novelty condoms for sexual play, but these may not provide the same amount of protection against STDs or pregnancy so it is important to read the label to check effectiveness. All types of condoms usually come in various sizes as well.
Effectiveness
The American Pregnancy Association states that male condoms have an average failure rate of about 15 percent. They state female condoms, on the other hand, have an average failure rate of about 21 percent. Both male and female condoms are not as effective as other birth control methods in typical use at preventing pregnancy, but may be a good option for those needing STD protection or those unable to take hormonal birth control medications.
Benefits
Condoms are safe and relatively inexpensive compared to other contraceptive devices and are readily available. They rarely cause side effects, are easy to use and fertility is restored immediately when a couple discontinues use of them, unlike many other birth control options. They are also one of the few contraceptive devices that also prevent STDs when used correctly and consistently. Male condoms are also one of the few birth control methods that allow men to have control over their own reproductive needs.
Considerations
Although condoms have many benefits, people should consider a few things before deciding if this is the birth control method for them. Not only are condoms not as effective as other contraceptive options in typical use, but they require a partner's cooperation and motivation in order to use them consistently and correctly. The fact that putting on a condom interrupts sexual foreplay or reduces sensations during intercourse may frustrate some couples. Also, the female condoms may be a bit tricky to insert and remove and is not very aesthetically pleasing, Family Life International warns.
Warning
Although consistent and correct use of the male latex condom will decrease the risk of sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy, abstinence is the only method of birth control that is always 100 percent effective at preventing these things. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also warn that incorrect use can lead to the condom breaking or slipping, which decreases their protective effect. Incorrect use includes not wearing the condom properly, opening the package with teeth or other sharp objects and accidentally puncturing the condom and using condoms that are expired.
