Downhill skiing is a competitive worldwide sport that offers championships in four categories (downhill, combined, Super G and slalom). Championships are held within individual countries and on the international level. The top international competitions are at the Winter Olympics, which are held every four years. The rules for these competitions are set by the International Ski Federation (FIS) and each country's ski federation. Downhill skiing also is a popular recreational activity in many parts of the world.
Downhill Race
The downhill race is the top race in Alpine skiing. It starts at the top of a mountain, and the course is outlined by gates, just as slalom races use gates. However, in the downhill race, the course uses the gates as the out-of-bounds markers. When skiing on a downhill course, a skier faces challenges of high speeds, quick turns, dips and jumps.
Equipment
The equipment used in the downhill event are the longest skis made. Although each skier uses skis that meet his preferences in length, the average downhill ski is 30 percent longer than a slalom ski. The longer ski makes it easier for a skier to reach top speed, but it is more difficult for the skier to execute turns. Downhill racers wear skintight suits to minimize air drag, and protective helmets are mandatory. Ski poles help the skiers negotiate turns.
Safety
Because skiers reach high speeds and often do so under harsh weather conditions, ski officials put up pads and nets at troublesome spots in downhill courses. These courses can limit the impact of falls and crashes, but they do not guarantee a skier's safety. Skiers have died during competitions, and race officials check all skiers' equipment to make sure they are not taking any undue chances during a race.
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