Diarrhea, the name for frequent, watery stools, causes fluids and food to pass through the colon too fast or in too great a volume for proper fluid absorption by the body. Acute diarrhea, which is typically caused by infection or medication, is rarely of medical significance, although it may cause considerable discomfort or lead to dehydration. Treatment of acute diarrhea involves fluid replacement and slowing and bulking the stools. Chronic diarrhea, which lasts several weeks or longer and is usually caused by intestinal diseases or functional bowel disorders, requires medical evaluation.
Dietary Changes
Increased intake of bland, high-fiber foods, such as rice and bread, can help settle the digestive tract and bulk the stools. Bananas, applesauce, and high-fiber fruits and vegetables are also beneficial. The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) recommends drinking fresh celery and carrot juice and miso broth to restore the body's electrolyte balance and prevent dehydration. Yogurt containing lactobacillus acidophilus may also help remedy and prevent diarrhea. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, avoiding dairy, caffeine, and sweet or greasy foods may shorten the course of diarrhea.
Medication
Antidiarrheal medications are available over the counter in most pharmacies and retail stores. The University of California states that these medications, which include bismuth sub-salicylate, loperamide and attapulgite, should not be used in cases of acute diarrhea caused by infection. According to the UMMC, a prescription-strength medication, such as Lomotil, may be necessary when over-the-counter treatments fail to improve symptoms. Diarrhea resulting from a bacterial or parasitic infection requires treatment with antibiotics.
Alternative Treatments
Adding psyllium, a soluble fiber, to foods and drinks can help soak up fluid in the colon and bulk the stools. The UMMC suggests making a tea with blackberry leaf, raspberry leaf, bilberry extract or agrimony by steeping 1 tsp. of the herb in a cup of hot water for 10 minutes. Chamomile, quercetin and marshmallow root may also help ease diarrhea by soothing the intestines and reducing inflammation.
