1. Addressing Fouls
In water polo, defense is the team trying to get the ball back and stop the other team from scoring. They can knock the ball away or steal it. They can also commit a foul to stop the other player from making a successful shot. If a foul is committed, the center or hole set player is allowed a free throw. However, they cannot take the throw themselves. They are required to pass the ball to another player. In this situation, the defining team player can move their position closer to the goal. This is sloughing. The defensive water polo players are able to have two players to one in the hole set. This increases their chance of steeling the inbound pass.
2. Determining Minor or Ordinary Fouls
A minor or ordinary foul occurs when one player stops another player from freely moving when they don't have the ball. Techniques include swimming on top of the other players body or getting in the way. The most common cause for a foul is one player reaching from behind to knock the ball away from the other player. Fouls are for offensive players for pushing a defense away to create space for a pass.
3. Major Fouls
A major or exclusion foul occurs when the defense player in water polo pulls the other player away from the ball before they can grab it. Moves covered under this rule include dunking, splashing or holding the other player. The penalty for this is 20 seconds penalty with for the player. If a player is penalized three times in one game, they are ejected from the game. Each player in water polo is plays an essential role. Ejection from the game is a serious penalty that punishes the entire team.
4. Brutality Fouls
If one player hits or kicks another player, or tries to with clear intent to cause harm, they are charged with a brutality. The penalty for this is removal from the game for four minutes.
5. Penalty Shots
For every major foul committed inside the 5-meter line from the goal, the offensive player gets a penalty shot. The defense positions in water polo cannot be closer than 2 meters from the player taking the shot. In addition, the goalkeeper must be on the goal line, and not outside that area.
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