Tissue swells when it is damaged or injured. Swelling is part of the healing process. An allergic reaction to an insect bite, food or medication alerts the immune system that a dangerous invader is attacking. Swelling is the body's way of fighting off reactions, infections and viruses. Depending on what is causing your lips to swell, you may be able to ice your injury, take an over-the-counter medication or see your doctor for a prescription.
Antihistamine
An over-the-counter antihistamine like Benadryl and Claritin can be used to treat lip swelling when caused by mild drug or food---including food additive---allergies, eczema or insect bites. People who are not allergic to a medication may still have a reaction like swollen lips, according to the Mayo Clinic. This is referred to as an adverse drug event. As long as the symptoms are mild, treatment with an antihistamine is considered safe. For a more severe reaction, you should contact your doctor immediately.
The American Academy of Family Physicians indicates that antihistamines work by preventing histamines from attaching to cells in the body and causing symptoms. The body releases histamines when it is believe a dangerous substance -- in this case, an allergen -- is attacking it.
Corticosteroids
For moderate to severe reactions to allergens that cause lip swelling, along with other symptoms, the Mayo Clinic recommends applying an oral corticosteroid or an injection, provided by your doctor or at an emergency room. According to EczemaNet also suggests using a topical corticosteroid for symptoms of eczema that affect the lips. Only in more severe case, such as extreme itchiness or discomfort, you may need a systemic corticosteroid, such as a pill, liquid or shot.
Corticosteroids, like prednisone and hydrocortisone, mimic the effects of hormones produced in the body. They're used to treat injuries, immune problems and inflammation, all of which can cause swelling of the lips, eyes and other parts of the body.
Ice
Biting your lip, getting whacked in the mouth or being involved in a serious accident can cause uncontrolled swelling, according to Doug Kelsey, a physical therapist from Sports Center Austin in Texas. As the cells are damaged, they leak proteins. Inflammation is a normal part of the healing process. Icing the injury will help decrease swelling and tissue damage, reduce blood clotting and inflammation, and ease muscle spasms and pain. Ice can also stimulate the flow of blood to the area, which induces healing.
