Hatha yoga is a broad term that may encompass many different types of yoga. The Sanskrit word Hatha means "willful" and yoga is translated into "union." Hatha yoga serves as the foundation for different styles of yoga such as Bikram, Ashtanga, Sevenanda, and Kundalani yoga. This 5,000-year-old exercise is meant to still the mind, enliven the body and connect the spirit.
Ashtanga Yoga
Sometimes referred to as "power yoga," ashtanga yoga involves quick movements in a specific sequential pattern. Ashtanga yoga refers to a style that was developed by Sri K. Pattabhi Jois in India. The ujjayi breath is synchronized with fluid and continuous movements to create a purifying sweat. Ashtanga yoga is useful for building strength, stamina and flexibility in addition to a more calm and focused mind.
Bikram Yoga
In Bikram yoga, the element of heat is taken a step further in the practice to get participants sweating excessively. A Bikram yoga class may be held in a room that is heated from 100 to 110 degrees F. The intense heat is believed to prevent injury and detoxify the body. Developed by Indian yoga teacher Bikram Choudhury, Bikram yoga is a system of 26 poses performed in a standard sequence. Because the heat combined with continuous fluid movement requires a high level of physical fitness, Bikram yoga is not for beginners.
Sevananda Yoga
According to "Prescription for Nutritional Healing," Sevenanda yoga may require an overall lifestyle adjustment. Its holistic approach encompasses a vegetarian diet and a study of the Vedic scriptures with a focus on meditation. Proper breathing (pranayama) combined with these elements is used to unify the body, mind, spirit and heart. A Sevananda yoga class may include chanting and meditation in combination with postures and focused breathing.
Kundalani Yoga
Kundalani yoga focuses on activating the seven energy centers in the body, known as the chakras. Created by Sikh master Yogi Brajam, the goal of Kundalani yoga is to awaken the spiritual energy stored at the base of the spine. Referred to as the "sleeping snake," Kundalani energy is believed to be carried up the central channel of the astral body, producing intense sensations in the body and sometimes visions in the mind. A "breath of fire" pranayama is practiced in combination with specifically chosen postures to facilitate this process. Meditation and chanting Sanskrit mantras are a part of a Kundalani yoga practice.
References
- "Simple Path to Yoga": Eric Chaline: 2002
- "Prescription for Nutritional Healing": Phyllis Balch: 2000
- Mats, Mats, Mats: "Different Types of Yoga"
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