Milk thistle is an herbal supplement often used to treat disorders affecting the liver and gallbladder. It's said to possess both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, notes the University of Maryland Medical Center. This may help in the treatment of cirrhosis, hepatitis and gallbladder disease. Milk thistle is also thought to stimulate new cell growth in the liver, allowing the organ to repair itself. While there's some benefit to this dietary supplement, the herb can elicit adverse effects in some people.
Gastrointestinal Issues
One of the more common adverse effects of milk thistle involves the digestive tract. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine explains that milk thistle can have a laxative-like effect on the body, causing upset stomach, diarrhea and bloating. It may also cause some gas, heartburn and loss of appetite. Adverse reactions typically subside after discontinuing use.
Allergic Reaction
Milk thistle is also known to cause allergic reactions, especially in people with aster, daisy, artichoke or kiwi allergies, warns the Mayo Clinic. Allergic reactions vary from person to person but may manifest as hives, rash, swelling of the throat or tongue, shortness of breath, dizziness and other symptoms. People have also experienced anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening allergic response.
Drug Interactions
The University of Maryland Medical Center cautions that milk thistle can adversely interact with certain prescription medications. Antipsychotic, anti-coagulant, anti-platelet, anti-epileptic and anti-anxiety drugs can all be affected by milk thistle. Even some statins and allergy medications are hampered by this dietary supplement. Consult with a doctor prior to using milk thistle; it may lessen the efficacy of medications.
Other Side Effects
People have also been known to experience headaches, joint pain and impotence during the use of milk thistle, maintains the Mayo Clinic. Much like gastrointestinal issues, these side effects are usually temporary and subside after discontinuing use.
Cancer
Although milk thistle doesn't cause cancer, it may affect the progression of the disease, namely in breast, uterine and prostate cancers, advises the University of Maryland Medical Center. These cancers are hormone-related, and since milk thistle has estrogenic effects, it may actually feed the disease.
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