Yohimbe is an herb made from the dried bark of an evergreen tree found in western Africa. A prescription form of yohimbe called yohimbine hydrochloride (yohimbine) has been FDA-approved for its potential benefits in regard to sexual dysfunction in men. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine warns that although yohimbe is used in herbal remedies, there is not enough scientific research to guarantee the benefits of yohimbe dietary supplements.
History
Yohimbe was used as an aphrodisiac in Africa for generations. The American Cancer Society says that yohimbe supplements have been taken to treat erectile dysfunction for over 100 years. Traditionally, it was taken by warriors and used as a stimulant before battles. Yohimbe was also used to treat fever, heart conditions and high blood pressure. Currently yohimbine prescriptions are strictly regulated by the FDA and only approved to treat impotence.
Prescription Form
Much of the research done on yohimbe has been in regard to yohimbine hydrochloride, the active chemical compound found in the bark of the tree. Although yohimbine is now FDA-approved, clinical research is mixed on its ability to help patients with erectile dysfunction. One study involving 29 men with impotence, conducted by the Surgical Clinic at the University of Oulu in Finland, found that even high doses of yohimbine hydrochloride had no more positive results than a placebo.
Supplements
Yohimbe is sold over the counter in the form of capsules, powders, teas and tinctures. The American Cancer Society explains that the supplements are not FDA-regulated and can vary in strength and ingredients. Supplements are marketed as a natural way to boost libido and sexual dysfunction in both men and women and to enhance athletic performance. More clinical research is needed to scientifically validate these claims.
Side Effects
In 2002 a study conducted by the Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, found that over-the-counter yohimbe supplements might cause side effects that include headache, agitations, increased heart rate, gastrointestinal discomfort and frequent urination. A rise in blood pressure, insomnia, rash, dizziness and tremors may also occur. The recommended dose of the prescription form is usually tolerated; the U.S. National Library of Medicine says that the risk of toxicity and additional side effects vastly increase when not taken correctly.
Precautions
Children, the elderly and breast-feeding women, should not use yohimbe supplements and prescriptions. The American Cancer Association also says that people with emotional or psychiatric disorders should not take yohimbe, due to the increased risk of psychotic episodes. Drug interaction can occur. Those considering using yohimbe should discuss possible drug interactions with a doctor or herbal specialist.
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