Approximately 3 to 6 out of every 1,000 children in the United States has autism, according to the Mayo Clinic (see reference one). No cure exists for this disorder, and while no single treatment works well for all children, most appear to respond the best to highly structured behavioral programs, according to Autism Speaks.
Speech and Language Therapy
Many children with autism often struggle with communication and speech so therapy addresses these communication roadblocks, according to HelpGuide. The goal is to not only improve children's verbal and language abilities, but to also improve their nonverbal communication and social skills, two areas commonly affected by this disorder. These therapies combined result in a better understanding between autistic children and those around them.
Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapy promotes independence of the autistic child--both at home and in the school setting--by teaching him self-care skills such as dressing, brushing his teeth and feeding himself. The therapist includes toilet training as well, along with coping skills for children who are sensitive to loud noises or who overreact to certain touches, such as hugs.
Autism Speaks adds that fine motor skills, such as writing or using scissors are taught to children, along with gross motor skills that help children walk correctly or ride bikes. The extent of the therapy varies, as the severity of the symptoms vary with each child.
Physical Therapy
While occupational therapy may help with some gross motor skills, physical therapy focuses specifically on basic motor skills. Therapists focus their attention on helping young autistic children learn to sit on their own, walk, jump and run, according to HelpGuide. For older children with autism, the focus changes to more difficult tasks such as throwing or kicking a ball. Learning these tasks enables autistic children to participate with their peers during recess at school or sporting events.
Gluten Free, Casein Free Diet (GFCF)
The Mayo Clinic notes that many parents have begun using alternative therapies simply because autism is a devastating and incurable disease. One of the most common is the gluten free, casein free (GFCF) diet. As Autism Speaks explains, the basis for this diet is that the proteins found in dairy, wheat, barley, rye and oats digest differently in children with autism. While studies are ongoing, and the effectiveness is unable to be supported by scientific research, Autism Speaks states that many families using this diet for their children report progress in their childrens' condition.
