Dry skin is a common problem for people of all ages. Just like adults, babies can develop dry skin that itches and flakes. The environmental conditions that a baby is exposed to both indoors and outdoors can irritate his sensitive new skin. Most of the time, dry skin is a minor problem that can be managed by rehydrating the skin and avoiding irritants.
Causes
Dry skin frequently appears in winter, when air that is cold and dry drains moisture from the skin. Well-intentioned parents may overdress a baby, which can cause overheating and dry skin. Underdressing can also be a problem, leaving a baby's skin exposed to wind and cold air. Sun exposure can contribute to dry skin in the summer, and babies who spend time at the beach or in a swimming pool may have dry patches from saltwater or chlorine exposure. Dry indoor air from air-conditioning or heating can contribute to the problem year round.
Symptoms
A baby's skin may peel and feel rough when it is overly dry. The skin may appear chapped and red, and it may crack. Dry skin can itch and make a baby uncomfortable.
Treatment
A thick, hypoallergenic lotion can be used to rehydrate a baby's skin. Lotion should be applied immediately after bathing and as needed throughout the day. Short baths in lukewarm water are less drying to a baby's skin than long, warm baths. A fragrance-free cleanser can be used in place of soap to protect a baby's skin, and bubble baths should be avoided. It is best to keep the indoor temperature mild and comfortable, not overly hot. A humidifier can help keep the air in the baby's room moist. Sensitive baby skin should be protected with mittens and appropriate clothing in the winter and hats and sunscreen in the summer. It is helpful to wash a baby off with clean water and apply moisturizer after he spends time in a pool or the ocean.
Considerations
Most of the time, dry skin is caused by environmental factors and is easily treated. In some cases, a baby's skin irritation may be caused by eczema, a common condition that causes patches of dry, red and itchy skin. Rarely, severe scaling and flaking of skin can be caused by an underlying disorder, such as ichthyosis. If a baby's skin does not get better with home treatment, a doctor should be consulted.
Warning
Cracked and irritated skin is more likely to become infected. Parents should contact the baby's doctor if cracked skin begins to swell or ooze.
