Nebulizers, also called aerosol generators, convert liquid medication into a mist or aerosol that can be inhaled using an aerosol mask, mouthpiece or a tracheostomy collar if an individual has a tracheostomy. Nebulizers most often aerosolize bronchodilators, such as albuterol. For some individuals who are unable or unwilling to use a metered dose inhaler, a nebulizer is an effective alternative. Home nebulizers are powered by an air compressor. Health care facilities use compressed air to power a nebulizer.
Setting Up a Nebulizer Treatment
Step 1
Place the aerosol generator on a solid surface within close proximity to a power outlet and a comfortable chair. Plug in the machine. Wash your hands with soap and water, then dry thoroughly.
Step 2
Verify the medication vials have not expired by checking the expiration date, which is usually found on the top or bottom of the box. Make note of the number of remaining doses and determine a date when you will order the next box.
Step 3
Unscrew the top of the nebulizer cup and put it aside. Twist and break off the cap of the unit dose vial and squeeze the medication into the cup. Screw the nebulizer cap back on the cup. Connect the mouthpiece or mask to the cup.
Step 4
Connect the tubing to both the aerosol generator and the nebulizer cup. Locate the on/off switch on the generator and switch it to On. Sit in a comfortable chair and hold the nebulizer cup in your hand. After five to ten seconds, a light mist will appear.
Step 5
If you are using a mouthpiece, hold it lightly between your teeth and lips. If you are using a mask, place the mask over your face and secure the elastic so you have a snug fit. The mist should not escape where the mask touches your face, only through the two holes on each side of the mask.
Step 6
Take in slow deep breaths through your mouth, holding each breath for at least three seconds before exhaling. Keep the mouthpiece in your mouth during the entire treatment, there is no need to remove it to exhale.
Step 7
Continue breathing in the medication until you no longer see the mist, or the nebulizer cup makes a sputtering sound. A treatment takes eight to ten minutes. When the treatment is finished, turn off the aerosol generator, rinse out the nebulizer cup with clean water and allow to air dry.
Tips and Warnings
- Store the aerosol generator and nebulizer cups in a dust-free environment, such as a bag or box, to prevent dust from settling on the equipment. Always have an extra nebulizer cup on hand in the event the first one malfunctions. Check the expiration date and number of remaining medication vials before or after each treatment so you know when to reorder your medication. Store all medication in a cool, dry and childproof location.
- An aerosol generator has a three-prong plug. Always plug the device into a properly grounded three-prong outlet.
Things You'll Need
- Hand held nebulizer
- Air tubing
- Mouthpiece or mask
- Aerosol generator
- Individual medication vial
- Power outlet
- Comfortable chair
