Parkinson's is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a loss of motor function, leading to loss of control over muscle movement. It is caused by a reduction of dopamine, a chemical brain cells use to signal to each other, within the brain. The disease has a genetic component, although exposure to neurotoxins or head injury also plays a role in the development of Parkinson's. Although Parkinson's is an incurable disease, a number of drugs have been developed to help control the symptoms of the disease and increase the quality of life of Parkinson's patients.
Sinemet
Sinemet, a combination of two drugs known as levodopa and carbidopa, is a Parkinson's medication developed by Merck Frosst. The two components of Sinemet include amino acids, molecules that make up components of proteins. Sinemet works by crossing the blood-brain barrier to enter the brain, and acts as a dopamine precursor. The cells in the brain can turn the drug into a dopamine-like chemical that works as a signal to cells, and therefore alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's. Sinemet cannot slow the progession of Parkinson's, it only treats the symptoms of the disease.
Taking Sinemet can result in a number of side effects. HealthyOntario.com reports that some common side effects of Sinemet include abdominal pain, dry mouth and loss of appetite. Other serious side effects include dizziness, anxiety and confusion.
Symmetrel
Symmetrel, also called amantadine hydrochloride, is a Parkinson's medication, which is also marketed as an anti-viral agent. Although Symmetrel can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, its specific mechanism of action is not well characterized. Symmetrel may work by increasing the amount of dopamine secreted by brain cells to increase dopamine signaling and alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's.
RxList.com reports that common side effects of taking Symmetrel include nausea, dizziness and trouble sleeping. Other serious side effects may include depression, heart problems and vision problems.
Eldepryl
Eldepryl, also sold under the generic name selegiline, is a medication that alleviates the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Eldepryl works by preventing the breakdown of dopamine in the brain, therefore increasing the overall amounts of dopamine available to signal between brain cells. Drugs.com reports that Physicians often use Eldepryl in combination with other Parkinson's medications to treat the symptoms of the disease.
Taking eldepryl can lead to a number of side effects. According to Drugs.com, the most common side effects of Eldepryl include dizziness, difficulty sleeping or back pain. More severe side effects may include hallucinations, muscle weakness and seizure.
