Cysts in a sinus cavity are commonly termed nasal polyps, and are defined by the National Library of Medicine as sac-like growths along the sinus cavity. Nasal polyps are more common in people suffering from allergies or asthma, according to Merck, but anyone can develop nasal polyps, which can lead to complications if the cysts continue to grow. Nasal polyps are commonly treated with prescribed steroid nasal sprays or surgery.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of nasal polyps is nasal obstruction, leading to congestion, difficulty breathing and loss of smell and taste. Nasal discharge in the form of a runny nose or postnasal drip is another common symptom of a cyst in the sinus cavity. Other symptoms can include facial pain, snoring and itching around the eyes from pressure.
Complications
Sinus infections are a common complication of a cyst in the sinus cavity, according to the Mayo Clinic. A person is more prone to a sinus infection due to nasal obstruction, which restricts the normal drainage from the nose. Mucus can build up in the sinus cavity, leading to inflammation, resulting in recurring or chronic sinus infections. Sleep apnea is another common complication of nasal polyps. Sleep apnea is a condition in which a person might stop breathing for a short period of time during sleep. In rare cases, untreated nasal polyps can lead to facial distortion.
Treatment
Minor to moderate cysts in the sinus cavity are treated with nasal or oral corticosteroids, which are prescribed medications that aggressively reduce inflammation in the sinus cavity. The steroid treatment might shrink the polyps or eliminate them. Most nasal corticosteroids require consistent usage for a few weeks to achieve maximum effectiveness. According to the Mayo Clinic, the most commonly prescribed corticosteroids are fluticasone, budesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and triamcinolone. For more severe cases of cysts in the sinus cavity, surgery might be required.
Diagnosis
Merck states that nasal polyps are diagnosed by a medical examination of the nose. Nasal polyps look like a peeled grape with a tear-shaped appearance. While most nasal cysts are not cancerous, a doctor might recommend a biopsy if the individual has a family history of cancer.
Prevention
The Mayo Clinic says you can reduce your chances of developing nasal polyps by implementing a few lifestyle changes. If you suffer from allergies, take an over-the-counter antihistamine to reduce the allergic reaction symptoms. You also should avoid pollutants and irritants such as cigarette smoke, as well as other common allergens, such as pet dander. Hand washing, running a humidifier and routinely using a saline spray or rinse might reduce the chances of developing nasal polyps.
