Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a serious neurological disease that causes muscle weakness, disability and early death. According to the Mayo Clinic, ALS occurs in 1 to 3 people per 100,000. Doctors do not know the exact cause of ALS, but 5 to 10 percent of cases appear to be genetically linked. Additionally, ALS is more common in men between the ages of 40 and 60.
Footdrop
ALS typically begins in the feet or hands and spreads to the other parts of the body, states the Mayo Clinic. Someone affected with ALS may first notice difficulty in lifting the front part of the foot or toes, which is called footdrop. He may notice difficulty lifting his toes when walking or driving. He may also notice the toe of his shoes becoming excessively worn. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to slow the progression of ALS.
Hand Weakness
The Mayo Clinic states that ALS can begin in the hands and cause clumsiness. Patients may notice difficulty grasping, drawing or performing other fine movements. Hand weakness can eventually move into the arms. Early treatment with medications and physical therapy may slow the progression of hand weakness.
Trouble Breathing or Swallowing
Medline Plus, of the National Institutes of Health, states that the muscles involved with breathing and swallowing may be the first muscles affected in ALS. This is a serious early sign that should not be ignored. An ALS patient may notice she can't take deep breaths, especially when exercising. She may also notice difficulty in eating solid foods, or may choke or gag more frequently when eating. Early medications and therapy may help with breathing and swallowing symptoms of ALS. The cause of death for most ALS patients involves paralysis of the diaphragm, the muscle that pulls air into the lungs.
Leg Weakness
Leg weakness usually starts in the ankles and moves up to the larger muscles of the leg. At this point, an ALS patient may notice difficulty standing up because the thigh muscles have become weak. Doctors may prescribe walkers or scooters to help patients get around.
