The flu is caused by the influenza virus. It is a highly contagious respiratory illness that affects children more than adults. According to KidsHealth, most cases are experienced between December and early March, but flu can be diagnosed between November and April. The flu is often confused with the common cold because they share similar symptoms. However, the influenza virus will cause more severe and sudden symptoms than a cold.
Fever and Fatigue
According to BabyCenter, the sudden onset of a fever that is 101 degrees Fahrenheit or higher is one of the hallmark symptoms of the flu in a toddler. Toddlers present unique challenges because of their limited communication skills. A child's fever can be measured with a thermometer and is an objective measurement of change caused by the virus. According to Cleveland Clinic, the fever can last three to four days and will be accompanied by severe fatigue. It can take up to two weeks for a toddler to regain his normal level of energy after the flu.
Pain
According to BabyCenter, a toddler also may experience a headache, with or without the presence of a fever, muscle aches, sore throat and abdominal pain. These symptoms usually will disappear within five days as the fever resolves. However, children continue to be contagious for up to two weeks as the symptoms continue to resolve. Although they may start to feel better, they still can spread the flu to other family members or friends.
Respiratory Symptoms
According to the Cleveland Clinic, toddlers also may experience respiratory symptoms that accompany the flu, such as stuffy nose, cough and sneezing. These symptoms also occur with the common cold. The flu is distinguished by the presence of a high fever, body aches and fatigue, which are not commonly associated with a cold.
Complications
According to KidsHealth, a pediatrician should be contacted if the toddler has a high temperature, seems to get better but then begins to feel worse, has trouble breathing or seems confused. Symptoms that indicate children may be suffering from complications of the flu also include signs of dehydration, an earache, a temperature that lasts longer than three days or a cough that does not improve after a week, BabyCenter reports. Complications of the flu include the development of a secondary bronchitis or pneumonia that can be life-threatening.
