Nolvadex is the brand name of the drug tamoxifen, an antiestrogen medication prescribed for the treatment of breast cancer. Some breast cancers grow in response to hormones, including estrogen. By prohibiting cancer cells from receiving estrogen, Nolvadex may slow down the buildup of cancer cells and prevent the disease from worsening. Nolvadex sometimes is prescribed for women who have not been diagnosed with breast cancer but have an increased risk for the disease.
Rare Side Effects
As with any medication, there are side effects associated with use of Nolvadex. Some, however, are less common, including gastrointestinal effects, such as stomach cramps or discomfort, nausea and vomiting. Individuals may notice a change in color of the skin, or have abnormal bruising, dryness and itching. The Mayo Clinic notes that some patients experience mood changes, such as depression, irritability and feelings of discouragement. Sexual side effects include loss of interest in sex and decreased ability to have an erection.
Common Side Effects
Because of the way Nolvadex affects the hormone estrogen, more common side effects of the drug are hot flashes and changes in the female menstrual cycle, including frequency of periods or decreased bleeding. Some patients may notice a decrease in weight and thinning hair. Nolvadex may cause skin on the upper body to appear red. Also, the extremities may become swollen. Some patients have difficulty breathing even at rest. If any of these side effects become more severe, patients should consult a physician.
Serious Side Effects
The National Library Medicine, part of the National Institutes of Health, warns that Nolvadex can potentially cause serious side effects, including uterine cancer, blood clots in the lungs and stroke. Individuals with a history of clots or a heart attack may be more at risk of suffering these side effects.
Patients may suffer severe pain in the area below the belly button, abnormal vaginal bleeding and changes in menstrual periods. Moreover, vaginal discharge may appear bloody. Individuals may also have symptoms that are often associated with heart attack, such as chest pain and shortness of breath. Patients may complain of weakness, swollen legs and numb extremities on one side of the body. Neurological effects include trouble communicating, problems with vision, loss of coordination and confusion.
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