Herpes simplex virus (HSV) exists in two forms, type 1 and type 2. HSV-1 tends to cause oral herpes while HSV-2 causes genital herpes, but both types can be found in either location, according to the American Social Health Association. There is no cure for HSV as of 2010, but some daily medications help suppress outbreaks, while other medications speed healing time.
Acyclovir
Three antiviral medications, including acyclovir, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of both HSV-1 and HSV-2. These type of medications, when taken orally, work by attacking the herpes virus, inhibiting its ability to multiply, as indicated by the American Social Health Association. Acyclovir can be taken daily for up to 10 years to reduce the frequency of outbreaks, and can also be taken at the earliest sign of an impending outbreak to shorten the duration of the blistering. The most common side effects of acyclovir, when taken daily, include diarrhea, nausea and headache, according to RxList.com.
Famciclovir
Famciclovir is used for treating oral herpes, genital herpes and herpes zoster (shingles). Patients should follow the prescription instructions closely, but eMedTV.com points out that this medication is often prescribed for daily use as well as short-term use during an outbreak. The drug works by preventing HSV from replicating. It is well absorbed by the body, making it possible to take this medication less frequently than others, according to the American Social Health Association. The most common side effects include headaches, nausea, diarrhea and painful menstrual cramps in women.
Valacyclovir
Valacyclovir contains acyclovir, but when sold under this generic name, the medication delivers the active ingredient more efficiently, so it can be taken less frequently than acyclovir. Another benefit of this drug is that it can reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to a sexual partner. Drugs.com suggests the most common side effects include nausea, abdominal pain, headache, depression, dizziness and fatigue. Less frequent effects include joint pain, menstrual pain, mild skin rash, throat soreness and a stuffy nose.
