Sunburn has affected everyone at one point or another. At the very least, it is uncomfortable and can be downright painful. It can take up to 24 hours to know the extent of the burn and several days to begin healing. Relief sometimes seems out of reach, but there are various things that can be done at home to make the experience more tolerable.
Symptoms
The Mayo Clinic outlines symptoms of a sunburn to include the following:
Redness
Blistering
Skin that feels warm to the touch
Pain and tenderness
Swelling
Headache, fever and fatigue in more severe cases
Anti-Inflammatory Medications
Medications can help alleviate pain, redness and swelling associated with a sunburn. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin, are commonly used for the treatment of a sunburn. Do not give aspirin or aspirin-containing products to anyone under the age of 18. As the name suggests, NSAIDs help with inflammation as well as pain and redness. NSAIDs can be in pill form or rubbed onto sunburned areas in the form of a lotion. Steroids may be prescribed by a doctor to be taken orally or administered as a topical ointment applied directly to the affected areas. Acetaminophen, sold under the brand name Tylenol, is another option that can be used to help decrease pain.
Cold Compresses
Applying cool compresses allows heat to escape from the skin. It also helps keep swelling to a minimum. Do not apply ice directly to the skin; instead use towels soaked in cold water and allow those to sit on the skin for relief.
Moisturizers
Keep the burned areas moisturized with a good moisturizing cream. Avoid petroleum-based products; they tend to hold the heat in. Products that contain benzocaine and lidocaine should also be avoided. These ingredients have not been proven beneficial and can irritate the skin further.
Fluids
Keeping tissues hydrated from the inside is just as important as moisturizing skin on the outside. Sunburns are dehydrating. Drink lots of fluids, especially water, to rehydrate the body. Alcohol should be avoided--it is dehydrating.
When to Seek Medical Help
According to the American Academy of Dermatology, medical attention is needed immediately if fever, chills, upset stomach or confusion develops. If sunburn worsens or fails to improve within a few days, consult a physician. If sunburn covers the majority of the body and is accompanied by blisters, medical intervention is likely necessary
