Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disorder that causes muscles in the large intestine to contract abnormally, resulting in irregularity and abdominal discomfort. IBS affects both men and women, though women are more likely to suffer from it. IBS is characterized by several common symptoms and has no known cause or cure. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse states that while the effects of IBS are uncomfortable and can be hard to live with, the disorder will not permanently harm the intestines or lead to a more-serious disease.
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal pain and discomfort is a common effect of irritable bowel syndrome. Pain can be felt in any area of the abdomen, though many IBS sufferers experience discomfort around the belly button or lower abdomen between the pubic bone and belly button. Discomfort may present as a cramping sensation or persistent dull ache. IBS-related abdominal discomfort can be chronic, meaning it does not subside, or can be sporadic in which pain is felt off-and-on over time.
Diarrhea
IBS can cause chronic diarrhea. Bowel movements result in frequent soft, watery stool. A person with diarrhea-prominent IBS may feel bowel urgency--the sensation that she can't hold her bowels to make it to a restroom. Diarrhea can be more prevalent first thing in the morning or after a meal, and can happen several times throughout the day. IBS-related diarrhea does not result in bloody stools; however, mucus may be present. HealthyWomen.org states that some people experience bouts of diarrhea followed by constipation.
Constipation
Constipation can be a frequent problem for someone suffering from IBS. Bowel movements are infrequent; resulting in increased abdominal pain, bloating and intestinal gas. Stool that is passed is often hard and evacuates in small amounts and may contain large amounts of mucus. Often, several days can pass between bowel movements, even with the use of laxatives or dietary fiber. Constipation, as well as diarrhea, can occur sporadically in which the symptoms disappear for some time and then resume.
Depression
The effects of irritable bowel syndrome can be life-altering; often causing mental distress and worry about the effect of symptoms on everyday life. HealthyWomen.org reports that mild depression is common among those with IBS because the effects can interfere with everyday life. Anxiety and depression may play a role in the development of IBS symptoms; however, people without a history of mental disorders can develop IBS and experience mild depression from the symptoms.
