Sinus pain is the result of sinus inflammation, according to the University of Maryland. When the sinuses become inflamed, they create pressure throughout the head, causing pain in the ears, behind the eyes, in the forehead and the upper teeth. Sinus pain is commonly the result of severe allergies, the common cold or environmental factors such as pollution or cigarette smoke. A person experiencing sinus pain should talk to her doctor before taking any over-the-counter medication. When severe sinus pain leads to dizziness, the inability to walk and dizziness, that person should seek medical attention immediately. Otherwise, pain-relieving medication, decongestants or natural home remedies treat sinus pain.
Pain Relievers
Pain relievers are separated into two categories: acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Acetaminophen's function is different than all other pain relievers. According to FamilyDoctor.org, acetaminophen works by affecting the area of the brain that manages pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs work with hormonal balances in the body to help alleviate pain. The most common NSAIDs are ibuprofen, aspirin and naproxen. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs work best with sinus pain due to their dual function. Unlike acetaminophen, NSAIDs reduce inflammation and relieve pain at the same time. Most sinus pain is the result of inflammation in the sinus cavity; therefore, NSAIDs are the most effective for sinus pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should not be taken by pregnant or nursing women or people suffering from liver, kidney or heart disease.
Decongestants
Decongestants work by narrowing the blood flow to the sinus cavity, reducing swelling. This results in alleviating the excess pressure being placed on various parts of the head. The two most common oral decongestants available over the counter are pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine. Pseudoephedrine may cause a rise in blood pressure so it is not recommended for everyone. A person should talk with his doctor before taking decongestants especially if he has pre-existing conditions. Decongestants may be combined with pain relievers to reduce sinus pain.
Natural Home Remedies
The University of Maryland recommends using a humidifier or saline nasal spray and inhaling steam as natural remedies for sinus pain. Dry air can cause a stuffy nose. Using a humidifier while a person sleeps may help maintain the proper humidity level in the sinus cavity. Saline nasal spray helps to moisten and cleanse the sinuses from any allergens and excess mucus. Inhaling steam can be accomplished by either using a boiling pot of water with a towel draped over a person's head or taking a hot shower.
