Atrophic rhinitis is a condition of the nose wherein there is thinning of the mucous membranes of the nose. Causes of atrophic rhinitis include trauma to the nose, bacterial infections, hormonal factors, or extensive surgery of the nose or sinuses. Atrophic rhinitis is more commonly seen in women. The doctor can provide a diagnosis based on symptoms, the history given by the patient and an examination of the nose.
Bad Smell from the Patient
The patient complains of loss of the sense of smell, but notes that other people complain of a foul smell coming from him, a doctor may suspect atrophic rhinitis.
The patient may also complain of blocked feeling in the nose. On examination by the doctor, the first sign is the smell of the patient, according to The University of Texas Medical Branch: a foul smell emanating from the nose helps the doctor to diagnose this condition.
Nose Bleed
The patient may also complain of recurrent bleeding from the nose, according to the Merck Manuals. While trying to remove the crusts present in the nose, bleeding can occur.
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Crusts on Nasal Examination
On examination of the nose by the doctor, crusts or dried up secretions can typically be seen filling the nasal passages. The crusts formed are green or yellow.
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Wide Nasal Passages
Wide and roomy nasal passages, due to absence or thinning of the turbinate, which form the bony skeleton in the nose, may also contribute to a diagnosis of atrophic rhinitis. The mucosa is also thinned and a pus like discharge may be present in the nose, which is foul smelling.
CT Findings
According to the University of Texas Medical Branch, a diagnosis of atrophic rhinitis is mainly based on clinical findings and is not dependent on CT findings. However, a CT scan of the nose and sinuses may be useful. Wide nasal cavities and small, thinned out turbinates are the changes seen on CT scan.
