Whether you approach it as an athletic challenge or a chance to commune with deep wilderness, backpacking is, at its heart, a very human activity: long-distance walking in wild places. With the conveniences of civilization sometimes far away, packing is the activity's most crucial step.
Backpack
Most importantly, and most obviously, a good, well-fitted backpack is essential for your outing. The essence of backpacking is toting everything you need on your shoulders, and thus the capacity of the pack itself helps determine the entire venture. Unless you particularly like them or are restricting yourself to an overnighter, the soft-bodied rucksack likely won't work efficiently. The internal- and external-frame backpacks are specifically designed for extended travel in the wilderness. Test any model before buying, ensuring that you can strap yourself in ergonomically.
Sleeping
Choose a tent that's right for you: Select one appropriate to the seasons you plan to be camping in and to the space demands if you're traveling with partners. Look for the rugged, compact backcountry tents, not conventional car-camping models, which are typically too bulky for backpacking. It may take some trial and error to pick the best sleeping bag. Consider both down- and synthetic-filled models and pay particular attention to their temperature rating. A good sleeping roll, whether straight foam or partly inflatable, cushions your slumber against rocks, twigs and uneven ground. Bringing a tarp is also sensible. Among the myriad functions it can perform is waterproofing the bottom of your tent during rainstorms.
Boots and Clothing
Don't make the mistake of wearing boots for the first time on the backpack, as you'll cripple yourself with blisters. Wearing thick wool socks over an inner liner can also help you avoid foot issues, which are of paramount concern for the backpacker. Pack enough insulated clothing that you'll be prepared for any radical shifts of weather.
Food and Water Equipment
Making campfires is romantic, but sometimes impractical, impossible or environmentally degrading; for example, in an alpine environment where timber is scarce. Modern backpacking stoves are compact. Choose a water filter or water purifier to lessen the chances of contracting a waterborne illness in the outback. Dehydrated backpacking food packages are popular choices, though packing stock grains can enliven your wilderness cuisine; take high-energy snacks like nuts and fruits for trailside breaks.
Trekking Poles
A frequent backpacker will likely want to invest in a pair of trekking poles, which ease strain on your legs and shoulders and also help stabilize your weight in stream crossings, slope traverses and other tricky situations. Modern versions have adjustable lengths, allowing you to match the height with your orientation in a given terrain.
Navigation and Emergency Equipment
Whether you're bringing a GPS unit and cell phone or not, take along a compass. This time-tested tool, used properly, is far more reliable and versatile than electronic technologies. A detailed topographic map of the area you're exploring is another must. Also take along a first-aid kit and emergency signaling devices like a mirror, whistle and flares.
References
- "The Outdoors Almanac"; Len McDougall; 1999
- "The Backpacker's Field Manual"; Rick Curtis; 2005
- LEKI: Trekking 101



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